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Offshore

Yellow pipes of an oil rig extending into the sea.

Extreme materials for extreme environments

The flexible tubes used for the transportation of oil and gas are under enormous physical and chemical stress. With Kynar® polyvinylidene fluoride (PVDF), Kepstan® PEKK, and Rilsan® and Rilsan® Fine Powders biosourced polyamides (PA), the Arkema group provides a wide range of solutions to protect them against corrosion, chemical attacks and aging. These high performance polymers are also routinely used for coating pipes and flexible tubes in oil and gas installations. In these conditions, they are subject to extreme pressure and fluid constraints.

Review the Various Offshore Applications of Kynar® PVDF, Rilsan® Resins and Rilsan® Fine Powders

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Choke & Kill Lines

In floating offshore operations, choke & kill lines are high pressure pipes connected to the subsea BOP (blowout preventer) stack that are used to control the pressure in the well. In some cases, the lines can run along the outside of the drilling riser to the surface. Rilsan® PA11 and Kynar® PVDF are often used as liners in these high-pressure piping systems.

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Wire and Cable

One of the primary uses of Kynar® PVDF for the oil and gas business is in the manufacture of offshore and downhole cables, which are primarily TEC (tube encapsulated cables) for “flat packs.” Kynar Flex® PVDF is ideal for the TEC application since it gives the wire and fiber optic cables the ability to withstand water permeation, abrasion, mechanical abuse, temperature extremes and corrosive chemicals over a lengthy service lifetime.

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Offshore Seismic Acquisition

Because of their strength, durability and resistance to seawater, Rilsan® PA11 and PA12 resins can be used in cable sheathing, air gun umbilicals, ocean bottom cables and tow cables for offshore seismic acquisition systems.

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applications
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Thermoplastic Pipe
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Reinforced Thermoplastic Pipe

For over two decades, Rilsan® PA11 and Kynar® PVDF have been reinforced with Aramid fibers to produce reinforced thermoplastic pipes. The resulting products provide a light and flexible solution while still retaining resistance to harsh chemicals and high temperatures.

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Umbilicals

Umbilicals are the critical link between the surface and underwater equipment such as the wellheads, subsea manifolds and ROV's. Because of its outstanding chemical resistance and durability, Rilsan® PA11 is used as the liner in umbilicals to transport hydraulic and injection fluids. Rilsan® PA11 is also used in the outer sheathing protecting the bundled tubes and cables. The unique offering of Rilsan® PA11 TLO provides an oligomer-free solution, which prevents the clogging of smaller pipes. Kynar Flex® Fluoropolymers can be used for more demanding conditions because of its resistance to harsh chemicals and higher temperatures, and its lower permeation properties.

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Flexible Risers

Rilsan® PA11 and Kynar® PVDF resins are the polymeric benchmarks for offshore flexible risers and flowlines. Thanks to its resistance to hydrocarbons and excellent combination of mechanical properties, Rilsan® PA11 has been used in the industry for over 40 years as a liner and sheathing material and has a lifetime prediction model published in API 17 TR 2. PA11 is also used as anti-wear tape in offshore flexibles. A proven material for over two decades, Kynar® is the ideal solution for more demanding conditions including harsh chemical contact and high temperatures. These materials can last up to 30 years in subsea operating conditions.

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Flexible Flowlines

Rilsan® PA11 and Kynar® PVDF are the polymeric benchmarks for offshore flexible risers and flowlines. Thanks to its resistance to hydrocarbons and excellent combination of mechanical properties, Rilsan® PA11 has been used in the industry for over 40 years as a liner and sheathing material and has a lifetime prediction model published in API 17 TR 2. Rilsan® PA11 is also used in anti-wear tapes for offshore flexibles. A proven material for over two decades, Kynar® PVDF resin is the ideal solution for more demanding conditions including harsh chemical contact and high temperatures. These materials have a proven track record in extreme subsea operating conditions.

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Offshore Seismic Acquisition

Seismic acquisition cables towed by a ship at sea.

Rilsan® Polyamides have truly outstanding qualities for the harsh conditions in which seismic acquisition cables operate. Rilsan® PA11 shows high dimensional stability and creep resistance, as well as tremendous resistance to seawater and strong abrasion resistance. In addition, its compatibility with other materials including fiber optics, extruded foams, and sensitive electronic equipment make it ideal for seismic acquisition applications. 

 

Recommendations for Seismic Acquisition Cables:

  • Flexible Rilsan® PA11 is the recommended solution for most offshore seismic acquisition cables 
  • Other solutions include Rilsamid® PA12 grades

Choke & Kill Lines

Red and yellow blow out protector on an offshore Oil Rig.

Rilsan® PA11, Kepstan® PEKK, and Kynar® PVDF chemical and heat resistance properties enable them to be used as liners in the high pressure lines used in offshore choke & kill systems. 

 

For grade information contact an Arkema Technical Representative about PA11, PEKK and PVDF Heat Stabilized Extrusion Grade materials for Choke and Kill line applications. 

Flexible Flowlines

When operating in harsh environments where maintenance can be very expensive, Oil and Gas companies require materials that can hold up to high temperatures and harsh chemicals. Rilsan® PA11, Kepstan® PEKK composites, and Kynar® PVDF have a high resistance to hydrocarbons and other blends of gasses/liquids, and retain their dynamic properties while operating at high temperatures for up to 30 years.

 

An extreme world needs extreme materials.

Tensile Modulus vs. Temperature for Various Kynar® Grades

 

Graph showing the tensile Modulus vs. Temperature for various Kynar® Grades.
Multi-layered pipe with steel and Kynar® layers
Offshore multi-layered pipe with Rilsan® layers.

Flexible Risers

Flexible Risers are subject to the extreme abuses of the ocean including varying temperatures, shifting tides, and harsh salt water. Rilsan® PA11. Kepstan® PEKK Composities, and Kynar® PVDF hold up extremely well given their inert nature which creates stability in their physical properties over long periods of time. 

Flexural Creep of a Select Kynar® Homopolymer Resin at High Stresses as a Function of Time + Temperature

 

Flexural Creep of a select Kynar® resin at high stresses.

Umbilicals

Rilsan® PA11 TLO is a special material which provides an ultra-low oligomer solution able to provide stable performance over a long period of time. 

 

The low permeation found in Kynar® PVDF, makes it an extremely useful material for offshore umbilicals. The resistance to multiple chemicals provides ease of process when creating umbilicals designed to be in contact with various fluids. 

Chemical Resistance of Kynar® Homopolymer Resin vs. Other Well-Known Plastics at 93C

 

Kynar® Homopolymer Resin Chemical Resistance Graph
Umbilical cable with Rilsan® tubes

Wire and Cable

Downhole wire and cable for the Offshore Oil & Gas market

Kynar Flex® PVDF is an extreme material that can hold up to the demanding conditions that downhole wire & cables are subject to. Its resistance to harsh chemicals and heat make it useable in numerous applications including electrical downhole cable, fiber optic downhole cable and hybrid electric/fiber cable. Its compatibility with the many different types of materials, pressures, and temperatures make it a choice that brings ease of process when manufacturing and installing the cables. 

 

Oil & Gas producers demand a product that can be relied on. With decades of trusted use in oil & gas wells around the world Kynar Flex® PVDF is considered a preferred solution for downhole applications. 

Reinforced Thermoplastic Pipe

Composite Pipe depiction

The light weight and flexibility of reinforced thermoplastic pipes made from Rilsan® PA11, Kepstan® PEKK, and Kynar® PVDF allow for Oil & Gas customers to deliver the pipes in rolls, which allow for quicker and easier installations. 

 

Key Benefits:

  • Compatibility with aramid fibers 
  • Flexibility 
  • Lightweight 
  • Lower cost installation
  • Resistance to harsh chemicals
  • Resistance to high and low temperatures

Download and View our Oil & Gas Brochures

Infographic Cover
Offshore oil rig against a setting sun
 
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